Ii. Kodi chikho cha ayisikilimu ndi chiyani?
Biodeggradmakapu a ayisikilimukukhala ndi zopanda pake. Zimachepetsa katundu pachilengedwe. Imatha kuchepetsa zowonongeka pogwiritsa ntchito microberial ndikubwezeretsanso. Chikho cha pepalali ndi chisankho chokhazikika komanso chilengedwe. Imapereka njira yokhazikika yothetsera mafakitale osokosera.
A. Tanthauzo ndi Makhalidwe
Makapu a ayisikilimu a Ice Class ndi zingwe za pepala zopangidwa ndi zinthu zopanda biodegraded. Zimakhalapo zonyansa zachilengedwe m'malo oyenera. Poyerekeza ndi makapu apulasitiki achikhalidwe, makapu a Biodadgrader ali ndi izi:
1. Chitetezo cha chilengedwe. Zowonongekaayezi makapuamapangidwa kuchokera ku chomera chomera. Chifukwa chake, imatha kuwola mu zachilengedwe zachilengedwe. Izi zimatha kuchepetsa kuipitsa ku chilengedwe. Zimakhala ndi zotsatira zabwino kuteteza chilengedwe padziko lapansi.
2. Zotheka. Pla imapangidwa kuchokera ku zinthu zokonzanso, monga chomera chomera. Poyerekeza ndi mapulasti a petrochemical, zopanga za play zimakhala ndi mphamvu zochepetsetsa mafuta ndi mpweya wowonjezera kutentha. Ili ndi bwino kudalirika.
3. Kuwonekera kwapadera. Makapu a pepala amakhala ndi mawonekedwe abwino. Izi zitha kuonetsa utoto ndi mawonekedwe a ayisikilimu. Itha kukulitsa chisangalalo cha ogwiritsa ntchito. Kupatula apo, makapu amapepala amatha kusankhidwa ndi kukhazikitsidwa. Izi zimapatsa amalonda pogulitsa zinthu zambiri.
4. Kukana Kutentha. Pulani makapu ali ndi ntchito yabwino. Imatha kupirira chakudya pamtunda wina. Pulogalamu ya pepala ili yoyenera kwambiri kuti ikhale yozizira komanso yotentha monga ayisikilimu.
5. Wopepuka ndi wolimba. Makapu a pepala ndi opepuka komanso osavuta kunyamula ndikugwiritsa ntchito. Pakadali pano, makapu a pepala amapangidwa kudzera mu njira yapadera yopanga pepala. Izi zimapangitsa mawonekedwe ake kukhala olimba kwambiri komanso ocheperako kuti asokonezeke ndi kusokonekera.
6. Chitsimikizo cha mayiko apadziko lonse lapansi. Pulogalamu ya pepala yotsatira ndi mfundo zoyenera zachilengedwe zadziko lonse lapansi. Mwachitsanzo, Europen Europe En13432 Biodegration Standard ndi American Astm D6400 vodegration Standard. Ili ndi chitsimikizo chapamwamba kwambiri.
B. Goodegration Njira ya makapu osokoneza bongo
Pamene makapu owonongeka a ayisikilimu amakhala atatayidwa, zotsatirazi ndi mfundo zatsatanetsatane za kuwonongeka kwake:
Zinthu zazikulu zomwe zimapangitsa makapu a pepala kuti awoloke zachilengedwe zachilengedwe ndi chinyezi komanso kutentha. Pamachilengedwe chokha ndi kutentha, pepala la pepala limayambitsa kuwonongeka.
Mtundu woyamba ndi hydrolysis. Akapu kapuimayamba njira ya hydrolysis motsogozedwa ndi chinyezi. Chinyezi ndi tizilombo tating'onoting'ono timalowa microvores ndi ming'alu mu pepala kapu ndikucheza ndi mamolekyulu amphamvu, zomwe zimapangitsa kuwonongeka.
Mtundu wachiwiri ndi enzymatic hydrolysis. Ma enzymes ndi othandizira azomwe angadutse zomwe zingapangitse kuwonongeka. Ma syzyme omwe alipo pachilengedwe amatha kuthana ndi hydrolysis a pepala la pepala. Imaswa pansi ma poizoni m'mamolekyulu. Mamolekyulu ang'ono awa adzasungunuka pamalo owola komanso kuwola.
Mtundu wachitatu ndi ma trabial kuwopseza. Pulani makapu ndi biodegrad chifukwa pali tizilombo tating'onoting'ono ambiri omwe amatha kuwola. Izi tizigwiritsa ntchito ngati mphamvu ndikuwachotsa mu kaboni dayokisaidi, madzi, ndi biomass kudzera mu kuwola ndi kuwola.
Kuwonongeka kwa ma pulani a Play amatengera zinthu zambiri. Monga chinyezi, kutentha, mikhalidwe ya dothi, ndi kukula ndi makulidwe a pepala.
Nthawi zambiri, makapu a mapepala amafunikira nthawi yayitali kuti adzichepetse. Kusasinthika kwa makapu a pepala nthawi zambiri kumachitika m'malo opanga mafakitale kapena zachilengedwe m'malo abwino. Zina mwazo, zikhalidwe zoyenera kukhala chinyezi, kutentha, ndi michere. M'nyumba zanyumba kapena zosayenera madera ake, kuchuluka kwake kuwonongeka kumatha kuchepa. Chifukwa chake, poyendetsa makapu a m'manja, ziyenera kutsimikiziridwa kuti amayikidwa dongosolo loyenera la zinyalala. Izi zitha kupereka zinthu zabwino zowonongeka.