IV. Ingabe indebe ye-ayisikhilimu yephepha iyahlangabezana nezindinganiso zemvelo zaseYurophu
1. Izidingo zemvelo zezinto zokupakisha ukudla eYurophu
I-European Union inezidingo eziqinile zezemvelo zokusetshenziswa kwezinto zokupakisha ukudla. Lokho kungafaka njengokulandelayo:
(1) Ukuphepha kwezinto ezibonakalayo. Izinto zokupakisha ukudla kufanele zihambisane nezindinganiso ezifanele zokuhlanzeka nokuphepha. Futhi akumele zibe namakhemikhali ayingozi noma ama-microorganisms.
(2) Okuvuselelekayo. Izinto zokupakisha ukudla kufanele zenziwe ngezinto ezigaywa kabusha ngangokunokwenzeka. (Njengama-biopolymer avuselelekayo, izinto zephepha ezigaywa kabusha, njll.)
(3) Ayinandaba nemvelo. Izinto zokupakisha ukudla kufanele zihambisane nezindinganiso ezifanele zemvelo. Futhi akufanele zibe usongo endaweni ezungezile nempilo yabantu.
(4) Ukulawulwa kwenqubo yokukhiqiza. Inqubo yokukhiqiza izinto zokupakisha ukudla kufanele ilawulwe ngokuqinile. Futhi akufanele kube khona ukukhishwa kwezinto ezingcolile ezidala umonakalo endaweni ezungezile.
2. Ukusebenza kwemvelo kwezinkomishi zika-ayisikhilimu wephepha uma kuqhathaniswa nezinye izinto
Uma kuqhathaniswa nezinye izinto ezisetshenziswa kakhulu zokupakisha ukudla, izinkomishi ze-ayisikhilimu zephepha zinokusebenza okungcono kwemvelo. Lezo ikakhulukazi zihlanganisa njengokulandelayo.
(1) Izinto ezisetshenziswayo zingagaywa kabusha. Kokubili iphepha nefilimu yokumboza kungagaywa kabusha. Futhi kufanele babe nomthelela omncane emvelweni.
(2) Impahla kulula ukuyehlisa isithunzi. Kokubili iphepha kanye nefilimu yokumboza kungalulaza ngokushesha futhi ngokwemvelo. Lokho kungakwenza kube lula ukuphatha imfucuza.
(3) Ukulawulwa kwemvelo ngesikhathi sokukhiqiza. Inqubo yokukhiqiza izinkomishi zika-ayisikhilimu wephepha ihambisana nemvelo. Uma kuqhathaniswa nezinye izinto, inokukhishwa okuncane kokungcola.
Ngokuphambene, ezinye izinto ezisetshenziswa kakhulu zokupakisha ukudla zinezinkinga ezinkulu zemvelo. ( Okufana nepulasitiki, ipulasitiki enegwebu.) Imikhiqizo yepulasitiki ikhiqiza inani elikhulu lemfucuza kanye nesisi esingcolisayo phakathi nenqubo yokukhiqiza. Futhi awehliswa kalula. Nakuba ipulasitiki enegwebu ilula futhi inomsebenzi omuhle wokulondoloza ukushisa. Inqubo yokukhiqiza yayo izoveza ukungcoliswa kwemvelo kanye nezinkinga zemfucuza.
3. Ingabe kukhona ukukhishwa okungcolile ngesikhathi sokukhiqizwa kwezinkomishi ze-ayisikhilimu zamaphepha
Izinkomishi ze-ayisikhilimu zamaphepha zingase zikhiqize imfucuza encane kanye nesisi esikhilimu ngesikhathi sokukhiqiza. Kodwa sezizonke ngeke zidale ukungcoliswa okukhulu kwemvelo. Phakathi nenqubo yokukhiqiza, izinto ezingcolisayo eziyinhloko zihlanganisa:
(1) Ukumosha iphepha. Ngesikhathi sokukhiqizwa kwezinkomishi ze-ayisikhilimu zephepha, inani elithile lephepha elilahlwayo liyakhiqizwa. Kodwa leli phepha eliwudoti lingagaywa kabusha noma lilashwe.
(2) Ukusetshenziswa kwamandla. Ukukhiqizwa kwezinkomishi ze-ayisikhilimu zephepha kudinga inani elithile lamandla. (Okunjengogesi nokushisa). Lezo zingaphinde zibe nomthelela omubi emvelweni.
Inani nomthelela walokhu kungcola okukhiqizwa phakathi nenqubo yokukhiqiza kunganqunywa ngokuphathwa kokukhiqiza okunengqondo.
Ukuphatha nokusebenzisa izindlela zokuvikela imvelo ukuze ulawule futhi unciphise.